Sasa no ha ni oku shimo yori mo hitori nuru waga koromode zo saemasarikeru - Kokin Wakashu(English Translation & Meaning)

笹の葉に置く霜よりもひとり寝る
わが衣手ぞ冴えまさりける

Roma-ji: Sasa no ha ni oku shimo yori mo hitori nuru waga koromode zo saemasarikeru
English Translation: Colder than the frost
that settles on the bamboo leaves,
sleeping all alone,
the sleeves of my own robe
have grown chill as ice.
Meaning: Colder even than the frost that settles on the bamboo leaves are the sleeves of my robe as I sleep alone.
Commentary: Book Twelve Love Poems II 563

Headnote: "A poem from the poetry contest held at the residence of the Empress in the Kanpyō era"
The poet says that his own sleeves, as he sleeps alone, are colder still than the frost on bamboo leaves. By comparing the chill of tear-soaked sleeves with frost, he expresses the loneliness of sleeping without his beloved as a bodily sensation. It was composed for the Kanpyō-era Empress's poetry contest and is placed within the run of poems from that contest. Together with the next poem, two poems on frost stand side by side.
Ki no Tomonori was a poet of the early Heian period, the son of Ki no Aritomo and a cousin of Ki no Tsurayuki. He served as Senior Private Secretary and was appointed one of the compilers of the Kokinshū, but died before its completion. He is one of the Thirty-Six Poetic Immortals.

First line, "sasa no ha ni": bamboo leaves are taken up as a cold image of a winter night.
Second line, "oku shimo yori mo": oku means for frost or dew to settle. Yori mo sets the frost as the standard of comparison and leads to the coldness of the sleeves. The next poem, 564, also sings of "settling frost," linking the two poems through the same image.
Third line, "hitori nuru": sleeping alone without the beloved, modifying "sleeves" in the fourth line.
Fourth line, "waga koromode zo": koromode means sleeves, implying sleeves wet with tears. The binding particle zo pairs with keru in the last line.
Fifth line, "saemasarikeru": saeyu means to be chilled, masaru means to become all the more so, and keru is the attributive resolving zo. The pain of sleeping alone is declared as a cold surpassing frost.
Author: Ki no Tomonori
Source: Kokin Wakashu
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