Tsuki ni dani matsu hodo ōku suginureba amemoyo ni koji to omōyuru kana - Gosen Wakashu(English Translation & Meaning)

月にだに待つほど多く過ぎぬれば
雨もよに来じと思ほゆるかな

Roma-ji: Tsuki ni dani matsu hodo ōku suginureba amemoyo ni koji to omōyuru kana
English Translation: Even by moonlight
the hours I waited for you
have gone by in throngs—
in the rain and in the night
you will not come, I think
Meaning: Even on moonlit nights so many hours have passed in waiting for you; on a rainy night like this, I can only think you will not come.
Commentary: Book Fourteen Love Poems VI 1011

Headnote: "Composed when a man had stopped calling, and after a long while sent on a rainy night to borrow a large umbrella."
The poet says that since so many hours of waiting have passed even on moonlit nights, he surely will not come on a night of rain. When the man who no longer visited sent on a rainy night to borrow a large umbrella, she answers with irony that he would hardly use it to come to her.
According to the headnote, the man had stopped calling, and after a while he sent on a rainy night to borrow a large umbrella. 1029 and 1030 in this book are also an exchange about an umbrella on a rainy night, so the device of reproaching an absent man through rain and umbrellas recurs.
The poet, listed as "Imaki, daughter of Korehira no Ason," was a daughter of Fujiwara no Korehira, a lady-in-waiting known as Imaki. Her father Korehira rose to the post of Imperial Adviser.

The first line, "Tsuki ni dani," means "even on moonlit nights," with "dani" an adverbial particle that names a lesser case to imply a greater.
The second line, "matsu hodo ōku," means "so many hours of waiting."
The third line, "suginureba," means "since they have passed," with "nure" the perfective of the auxiliary of completion "nu."
The fourth line, "amemoyo ni koji to," means "that you will not come in the rain," with "amemoyo" meaning rainy weather and "yo" also suggesting night. "Ji" is a negative auxiliary of conjecture, and the line runs over to eight syllables.
The last line, "omōyuru kana," means "so it seems to me," with "kana" a final particle of exclamation.
Author: Imaki, Daughter of Fujiwara no Korehira
Source: Gosen Wakashu
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