Yo o komete tani no toboso ni kaze samumi kanete zo shiruki mine no hatsuyuki - Senzai Wakashu(English Translation & Meaning)

夜をこめて谷の戸ぼそに風寒み
かねてぞしるき峰の初雪

Roma-ji: Yo o komete tani no toboso ni kaze samumi kanete zo shiruki mine no hatsuyuki
English Translation: While night still lingers
the wind at the valley door
blows so bitter cold,
I know before I see it:
the first snow upon the peak
Meaning: Deep in the night the wind at my valley door is so cold that I know already, before I see it: the first snow has fallen on the peak.
Commentary: Book Six Winter Poems 446

Headnote: "Composed as a poem on snow among the poems of a hundred-poem sequence"
A poem on snow from the hundred-poem sequence Retired Emperor Sutoku called for, the Kyūan Hyakushu. Deep in the night, he says, the wind at his valley door is so cold that he knows already, before seeing it, that the first snow has fallen on the peak. It is winter's arrival sensed through the skin, the first snow on the peak known from the chill of the wind at the door before the eye can see it.
The author, "Sutokuin Gyosei," is Emperor Sutoku, the seventy-fifth emperor and son of Emperor Toba, who was exiled to Sanuki after his defeat in the Hōgen Disturbance. He conceived the Kyūan Hyakushu and had Fujiwara no Akisuke compile the Shika Wakashū. A poem of his is included in the Ogura Hyakunin Isshu.
The three poems from 446 to 448 are poems on snow from Retired Emperor Sutoku's Kyūan Hyakushu. The Kyūan Hyakushu is the hundred-poem sequence that Retired Emperor Sutoku commissioned from poets such as Fujiwara no Akisuke and Fujiwara no Shunzei, presented in the sixth year of Kyūan (1150).

First line, "yo o komete": "while it is still deep night," before daybreak.
Second line, "tani no toboso ni": "toboso" is a door, the door of a dwelling in the valley.
Third line, "kaze samumi": the suffix "mi" gives a cause, "because the wind is cold."
Fourth line, "kanete zo shiruki": "kanete" means beforehand, and "shirushi" means plain to see. The emphatic "zo" closes with the attributive "shiruki," and the poem pauses here. The next poem, 447, also sings of knowing the snow without seeing it.
Fifth line, "mine no hatsuyuki": the poem ends on a noun, naming at last what was known beforehand.
Author: Retired Emperor Sutoku
Source: Senzai Wakashu
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