Tamakura no ue ni midaruru asanegami shita ni tokezu to hito wa shiraji na - Senzai Wakashu(English Translation & Meaning)

手枕の上に乱るる朝寝髪
下に解けずと人は知らじな

Roma-ji: Tamakura no ue ni midaruru asanegami shita ni tokezu to hito wa shiraji na
English Translation: On the arm-pillow
all in tangles it is spread,
my hair from morning sleep,
yet that underneath nothing came undone,
this no one will ever know
Meaning: Seeing my morning hair all tangled on the arm I slept on, people will never guess that underneath, nothing at all was ever untied.
Commentary: Book Twelve Love Poems II 753

Headnote: "Composed on the topic 'Love without fulfillment, though lying together'"
Composed on the topic "Love without fulfillment, though lying together," that is, a love in which the two lie side by side without binding their vows. Though people see the morning hair tangled on the arm-pillow, he says, they will not know that underneath nothing came undone. The tangled morning hair looks like proof of a night spent together, but in truth neither the inner sash nor the heart was loosened, expressing the sadness of a love unfulfilled though the two lay together.
The author, "the monk Saijū," was a monk whose lay name was Minamoto no Suemasa, and he was a close companion of Saigyō.
Poem 710 of this book is composed on the same topic and has "tokede yaminuru" as its fourth line. Using the same word "toku" as this poem's fourth line, "shita ni tokezu," the two poems treat the same topic through different scenes, the traveler's grass pillow and the morning hair, and so form a pair.

First line, "tamakura no": "tamakura" is using an arm as a pillow, showing a scene of lying together.
Second line, "ue ni midaruru": "tangled upon the arm-pillow," forming a pair of above and below with "shita ni" in the fourth line.
Third line, "asanegami": hair tangled from sleeping late, which looks like proof of a night together.
Fourth line, "shita ni tokezu to": "shita," "beneath," means inside, overlapping the inner heart and the inner sash. "Tokezu" means that neither sash nor heart was loosened. Like "tokede yaminuru" in the fourth line of 710 of this book, it uses the word "toku."
Fifth line, "hito wa shiraji na": "ji" is the negative conjectural and "na" an exclamatory particle, "no one will know."
Author: Saijū
Source: Senzai Wakashu
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