Irinu to ya azuma ni hito wa oshimuran miyako ni izuru yama no ha no tsuki

入りぬとや東に人は惜しむらん
都に出づる山の端の月

Roma-ji: Irinu to ya azuma ni hito wa oshimuran miyako ni izuru yama no ha no tsuki
English Translation: Gone down, do they think,
grieving there in the east,
the people of those lands?
the moon that rises here
from the mountains of the capital.
Meaning: Do the people in the eastern provinces grieve, thinking it has already set, for the moon that is now rising over the mountain rim here in the capital?
Commentary: Autumn Poems 337

Headnote: "When I composed many poems on the moon"
The headnote tells us this was composed on an occasion when the poet wrote many poems on the moon. From here, forty-two moon poems follow under the same headnote, up to 378. The moon now rising over the mountain rim in the capital: do the people of the far eastern provinces grieve, thinking it has already set? The poet's imagination widens to people in distant places, the capital and the east, watching the same moon at once.
Moonrise and moonset are contrasted through the difference between the capital and the east. Where 312 rejoiced at the moonrise and resented the moonset, here the rising and setting of one moon are divided between two far-apart lands.

First line, “irinu to ya”: nu is perfective and ya a question particle, that it has already set; it answers ran in the third line.
Second line, “azuma ni hito wa”: azuma is the east, the provinces east of the capital.
Third line, “oshimuran”: ran is present conjecture in the attributive form required by ya; the poem breaks after the third line.
Fourth line, “miyako ni izuru”: now rising in the capital, paired with irinu in the first line.
Fifth line, “yama no ha no tsuki”: ending on a noun, the moon rising over the mountain rim of the capital.
Author: Saigyō
Source: Sankashu
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