Irihi sasu yama no ha sae zo urameshiki kurezu wa haru no kaeramashi ya wa - Senzai Wakashu(English Translation & Meaning)

入り日さす山の端さへぞ恨めしき
暮れずは春の帰らましやは

Roma-ji: Irihi sasu yama no ha sae zo urameshiki kurezu wa haru no kaeramashi ya wa
English Translation: Even the mountain rim
where the setting sun shines
is hateful to me:
if the day would not grow dark,
would the spring go back?
Meaning: I resent even the mountain ridge where the setting sun is shining; if only the day would not end, would spring then go away? Surely not.
Commentary: Book Two Spring Poems II 126

Headnote: "Composed on the topic 'The End of the Third Month'"
Composed on the topic "The End of the Third Month." The poet resents even the mountain ridge where the setting sun shines, for if only this day would not darken, spring would surely not go away. Reasoning that spring leaves because the day ends, he blames the ridge that swallows the sun, turning logic around to express regret at the close of the last day of the Third Month.
The author, "Koga Palace Minister," is Minamoto no Masamichi, son of Provisional Major Counselor Minamoto no Akimichi. Adopted by Minister of the Right Minamoto no Masasada, he rose to Palace Minister. He was called the Koga Palace Minister after his villa at Koga, and was the father of Minamoto no Michichika.
This poem and the next three, through 129, form a sequence all on "The End of the Third Month."

First line, "irihi sasu": "where the setting sun shines," the dusk of spring's last day.
Second line, "yama no ha sae zo": "yama no ha" is the mountain ridge where the sun goes down. "Sae" means "even," and "zo" links with "urameshiki" in the third line.
Third line, "urameshiki": "is hateful," closing the construction with "zo." The poem pauses here.
Fourth line, "kurezu wa haru no": "zu wa" is a negative hypothetical: "if the day did not end, spring would."
Fifth line, "kaeramashi ya wa": "mashi" is counterfactual and "ya wa" rhetorical: "would it go back? Surely not." Like "kaeramashi" in 121 and "kaeru nari" in 122 of this book, it speaks of spring "going back."
Author: Minamoto no Masamichi
Source: Senzai Wakashu
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