Nageke tote tsuki ya wa mono o omowasuru kakochigao naru waga namida kana - Senzai Wakashu(English Translation & Meaning)

嘆けとて月やは物を思はする
かこち顔なる我が涙かな

Roma-ji: Nageke tote tsuki ya wa mono o omowasuru kakochigao naru waga namida kana
English Translation: "Lament!" does the moon
say so, and thus cause in me
all these brooding thoughts?
Yet with a face that blames it
my tears go streaming down
Meaning: Does the moon tell me to lament, and so make me brood? Surely not; and yet my tears flow as if to lay the blame upon the moon.
Commentary: Book Fifteen Love Poems V 929

Headnote: "Composed on the topic 'love before the moon'"
Composed on the topic "love before the moon." Does the moon bid me lament and make me brood, he asks? Surely not, and yet my tears flow with a face that blames the moon. Gazing at the moon, he weeps, but it is not the moon that grieves him; it is love's brooding, and still his tears fall as if to say the moon were to blame, so that the poem sings of a heart that lays its pain of love on the moon. It is one of his best-known poems and is included in the Ogura Hyakunin Isshu.
The author, "En'i Hōshi," was Saigyō. His lay name was Satō Norikiyo; he served as a warrior of the north guard of Retired Emperor Toba but took the tonsure young and composed many poems as he traveled the provinces. A poem of his is included in the Ogura Hyakunin Isshu.
The next poem, 930, by the monk Jakuchō, is on the same topic, "love before the moon," and both sing of the moon and tears. Where this poem asks the moon whether it is the cause of his brooding and lets his tears blame it, the next asks the moon whether it caused love to begin and says that gazing at it wets the sleeves first of all, so that the two poems on the same topic form a pair.

First line, "nageke tote": "telling me to lament," treating the moon as a person.
Second line, "tsuki ya wa mono o": "ya wa" is a rhetorical binding particle that closes with the attributive "suru" in the third line, "does the moon make me brood? surely not." It shares this rhetorical question put to the moon with "tsuki yue ni ya wa" in the second line of the next poem, 930.
Third line, "omowasuru": "suru" is the attributive of the causative "su," closing the "ya wa" of the second line, "makes me brood." The poem pauses here.
Fourth line, "kakochigao naru": "kakotsu" means to lay the blame on something else, and "kakochigao" is a face that seems to blame the moon.
Fifth line, "waga namida kana": "kana" is exclamatory. Treating the tears as a person, it closes with tears that flow as though blaming the moon. It answers the last line of the next poem, "nururu sode kana," in its "kana" ending.
Author: Saigyō
Source: Senzai Wakashu
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